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初三英语考前复习资料2021

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复习是对以前学过的知识进行系统的再加工,并根据学习情况对学习进行适当的调整,为下一阶段的学习做好准备。因此,每节课、每一篇课文、每一个单元、每一本书都要及时复习。下面是小编为大家整理的有关初三英语考前复习资料,希望对你们有帮助!

初三英语考前复习资料2021

初三英语考前复习资料1

情态动词的特点

不能独立作谓语,只能和行为动词一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。

情态动词主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not.

情态动词的特点:

①情态动词无人称和数的变化,情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。

②个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在或将来。

③情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态。

名词的所有格

名词所有格,用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。

1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加 's,其复数形式是s',例如:a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 's,如:Children's Day。

3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 's,例如:a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey,a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5. 双重所有格,例如:a friend of my father's。

注意:如果两个名词并列,并且分别有 's,则表示“分别有”,例如:John's and Mary's rooms(约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tom's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。

两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary's mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。

一般现在时时代构成

(一)时态构成:

一般现在时主要由动词的原形表示,如果主语是第三人称单数,则在动词原形后加-s或-es。

(二)时态的用法:

1、表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态和现阶段的习惯

常用的时间状语有:often, sometimes, usually, always, seldom, in the morning, every day, on Sunday 等。如:

He is always ready to help others.

The students have sports at five every afternoon.

Does he work hard?

2、表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理

Three plus two is five.

A plane is faster than a car.

China is in Asia.

Light travels faster than sound.

3、在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中

主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时表示将来动作。如:

I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.

She’ll go to see him as soon as she arrives.

When they come, they’ll tell you something important.

4、在含宾语从句的复合句中

尽管主句用过去时态,但如果宾语从句所述内容是客观真理,从句谓语动词仍然用一般现在时。如:

The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east.

5、表示已经安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态

一般用be, come, go, arrive, leave, start等动词。如:

My birthday falls on May 2.

The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.

His ship leaves at 9:00 a.m.

6、图片说明、电影说明、解说戏剧内容及场景动词常用一般现在时。如:

Scene 1 ( Mary and Miss Green are in the professor’s room-a large ,pleasant room with many books. There is a big desk near the window. )

7、几个由here, there 开头的句子

动词用一般现在时表示现在正在进行的动作。如:

There goes the bell. Let’s hurry.

Here comes the teacher.

宾语从句的时态

1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:

He asked what time it was.

He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.

3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.

Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.

初三英语考前复习资料2

所谓垂悬结构(The Dangling Construction)就是一个句子成分,如分词短语,不定式动词短语等,找不到被修饰的主语或被修饰的对象不合逻辑。垂悬结构是种错误的句法,应该避免。

下面是三种常见的垂悬结构及其改正方法:

⒈垂悬分词或分词短语,如:

①Climbing up the hill, several boars were seen.

这句子里的现在分词短语(present participial phrase)修饰主语“several boars”是错的;改正方法有二:

(a)确定是逻辑主语,使句子变成“Climbing up the hill, the explorers saw several boars.”

(b)把现在分词短语扩大为副词分句(也称状语从句):“When the explorers climbed up the hill, they saw several boars/ several boars were seen.”

⒉垂悬副词短语,如:

After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to bite.

这句的副词短语(adverb phrase)和主语“the fish”有什么逻辑关系呢?真正的逻辑主语应该是“the fisherman”或“the angler”才对。改正方法:

(a) After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fisherman found that the fish began to bite.

(b) After the fisherman had put a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to bite.

⒊垂悬不定式动词短语,如:

To write well, a lot of practice is needed.

To be a loyal employee, a sense of belonging is a must.

这两个句子的不定式动词短语(infinitive phrases)并不能修饰“practice”和“a sense of belonging”,真正的主语必须是“ 人”,如:

(a) To write well, one needs a lot of practice/a person has to practise a lot.

(b) To be a loyal employee, he or she must have a sense of belonging.

上述三类垂悬结构中,第一类发生的频率,必须注意。但是在下列三种情况下,分词短语是对的,它们并非垂悬结构:

第一,独立结构(The Absolute Construction,见3月7日《中英合谈》)中的分词短语有自己的主语,所以不是垂悬结构。例如:

Such being the case, we can go home now./……it is not wrong to call it a day.

第二,当分词含有介词或连词性质时,它不需要逻辑主语,所以没有垂悬问题存在。例如:

Owing to a lack of funds, the project has to be discontinued.

Provided that there is sufficient time, everyone can do the job better.

第三,当分词短语是用来表示说话者的态度或意见时,也不需要逻辑主语,因此也不存在着垂悬问题。例如:

Judging from his facial look, the news must have been terrible.

Taken as a whole, there is nothing wrong with the logic behind that idea.

初三英语考前复习资料2021

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